The on-chain component is the part anyone can build. The hard problem for institutions is the seam between the on-chain system and everything else the institution operates: core banking systems, custody arrangements, settlement networks, counterparty risk frameworks, compliance and reporting infrastructure, and the procurement, risk, and audit functions that govern how any of it gets deployed.
Institutional systems carry obligations that retail-focused systems do not encounter. State that disagrees with the chain is an incident, not a UX issue. Settlement that takes weeks to resolve is a regulatory event. Compliance that is layered onto the system rather than built into it fails the first audit. Governance that depends on a single key fails internal control standards before it reaches counterparty review.
We treat institutional work as a distinct engineering discipline. The specification covers the on-chain system, the seam, and the obligations it carries on both sides. Implementation follows only once that seam is documented and those obligations are accepted.